Getting started with Espresso

Introduction

Around the late 19th century, the first espresso machines were being invented, utilising steam from boilers to create coffee faster than ever before, but it was not until Gaggia’s first machines that people were able to surpass the 2 bar pressure threshold, using levers to generate pressure with which water could be forced through finer coffee grounds, creating a denser, thicker, and stronger beverage than ever before, but the result would still be unrecognisable as what we now call espresso. It wasn’t until decades later that motorised pumps began to be used, culminating in the 1961 Faema Espresso machine, which set the benchmark of modern espresso for years to come, resulting in the machines we know and love today. Not only have the technologies developed, but so have our techniques.

This recipe is our go-to recipe for most of our blends, it is designed to retain the body and strength of classic espresso, and work great black or with milk. We use a La Marzocco Linea Classic at our roastery with 18g VST baskets, but any model can work for this recipe.Around the late 19th century, the first espresso machines were being invented, utilising steam from boilers to create coffee faster than ever before, but it was not until Gaggia’s first machines that people were able to surpass the 2 bar pressure threshold, using levers to generate pressure with which water could be forced through finer coffee grounds, creating a denser, thicker, and stronger beverage than ever before, but the result would still be unrecognisable as what we now call espresso. It wasn’t until decades later that motorised pumps began to be used, culminating in the 1961 Faema Espresso machine, which set the benchmark of modern espresso for years to come, resulting in the machines we know and love today. Not only have the technologies developed, but so have our techniques.

This recipe is our go-to recipe for most of our blends, it is designed to retain the body and strength of classic espresso, and work great black or with milk. We use a La Marzocco Linea Classic at our roastery with 18g VST baskets, but any model can work for this recipe.

Method

What you’ll need

The method should alter slightly depending on your equipment. Listed here is what we use on our machine and should be used as a reference

  • Espresso machine
  • 18g coffee
  • Grinder
  • Tamper
  • Scale/Timer
  • Distribution tool / WDT (optional)
  • A cup

Steps

Ensure your machine and porta-filter has had time to preheat before use, and that it is flushed through.

  1. Set your machine’s boiler temperature to 93°C– 95°C.
  2. Grind your coffee to a fine setting.
  3. Add the coffee to the clean pre-heated porta-filter. The coffee dose should be altered to match your basket size, if necessary.
  4. Distribute the coffee bed.
  5. Give the coffee a level, even tamp, that is firm but not too hard.
  6. Carefully load the porta-filter into the machine to avoid damaging the coffee bed, or the equipment.
  7. Add the scale to the drip-tray, place the cup on top, and tare it.
  8. Start the extraction on your espresso machine.
  9. Stop the extraction when a target yield is reached. We aim for a yield of between 32g and 36g, this should come out in around 25 seconds.
  10. Remove the cup, empty the porta-filter and clean it. Serve and enjoy.

How to adjust

  1. Keep your tamp level and consistent. Rather than worrying about how much pressure you’re using, focus on keeping the tamper straight and level in the basket. Hold the tamper like a door handle, with your thumb and index finger on either side. Use your fingers as a guide to make sure the tamper stays level with the basket as you press down. Apply pressure until you feel the coffee resist the tamper, then stop. There’s no need to press as hard as possible or aim for a specific weight of pressure. The important thing is that the coffee is evenly compressed and the tamp is level each time.
  2. Adjust your grind size to taste, not time. Espresso shots will usually come out somewhere between 20 and 30 seconds, although on lower-pressure domestic machines they may take a little longer. Don’t obsess over the numbers, as they won’t necessarily make better coffee. Taste the espresso first and use that to guide your adjustments. If it tastes salty, sour or overly acidic, try grinding finer. If it tastes bitter, heavy or flat, try grinding coarser.
  3. If you can adjust the temperature on your machine, you can use this to fine-tune the taste too. Higher temperatures can increase extraction and bring out more sweetness and body, while lower temperatures can result in a brighter, more acidic cup.
  4. Start with the recommended dose for your basket and keep it consistent. There’s no need to regularly change the dose when dialling in espresso. If the coffee needs adjusting, start with your grind size, then consider changing your yield. Keeping the dose consistent makes it much easier to understand what each adjustment is doing. If you’re struggling to get a good extraction, a small change to the dose can sometimes help, but this shouldn’t be your first adjustment.

In Brief

0:00 – Begin

0:06 – First Drops

0:25 – Finish

For the Geeks

This section is for those who want to go all in. It provides the extra details regarding our method, as well as the results we get when brewing, and are to serve as both guidance, and reference for those who want it.

Extraction

Grind: 200μm – 300μm
Yield: ≈35ml
TDS: 11%
EY: 20.3 %

Water content

pH: 7.0
PPM: 115

Now let’s practice...

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